Kidney stones are one of the most common urological disorders and one of the most painful ones too. They are basically solidified concentrates concentrates of the crystals which normally are present in the dissolved form in urine. Kidney stones are more common in middle-aged adults than in the elderly and are much more prevalent in men as compared to women.

• CAUSES
• * Hereditary: 1] : People suffering from gout, parathyroid problems, inflammatory bowel diseases and chronic urinary tract infection are predisposed to stone formation 2) Increased urinary concentration due to dehydrations – Most stones arise in the kidney when urine becomes supersaturated with salts and crystals that are capable of forming stones.
• Hyperparathyroidism may also lead to hyper calcuria.
• Increase of calcium intake i.e. more than the required amount (e.g. intake of too much of chocolates, strawberries, etc
• Urinary inadequate drainage – slow obstructive urine flow will encourage salt precipitation due to stagnation
• Vitamin A deficiency
• Increased intake of vitamin D, Calcium, protein, tea or fruit juice
• Prolonged immobility where stone formation is due to hypercalcuria.
• Metabolic order
• Decrease in fluid intake may precipitate formation of stones
• Prolonged bed rest
• Chronic use of antacids containing calcium

SINE AND SYSMPTOMS:

1. The most common symptom of kidney stone is severe back or abdominal pain. The renal colic type of pain is the sudden onset of very severe pain which radiates from the interior towards the anterior region of the groin.
2. Nausea and vomiting with excessive sweating
3. Urinary tract infections – Symptoms may include fever, chill , sweating and pain with urination.

It is not a part of the presentation of uncomplicated nephrolithiasis

PREVENTION

• Urinate as soon as possible when the urge is felt and empty the bladder completely
• Drink 3-5 litres of water if you are suspected of having a stone or if you are doing strenuous work in a hot humid climate. But if you live in an area that has hard water, do not drink more than 2 litres a day
• Avoid milk and milk products if you are prone to develop kidney stones
• Also avoid chocolates, beans, beets, spinach, celery, asparagus
• Avoid strawberries, grapes, rhubarb, plums, etc
• Avoid red meat which causes uric acid levels to increase
• Avoid egg, meat, fish, liver oils if suffering from crystal stones
• Avoid foods that raise uric acid levels like sardines, organ meats, anchovies
• Avoid foods containing sucrose and lactose
• Reduce uric acid by eating a low-protein diet
• Reduce salt intake to no more than 3 grams per day. Increase fibre-intake like bran
• Beer is good for flushing out the stone but do not over-indulge
• Barley water helps is removing stones
• Increase intake of Vitamin A rich foods
• Avoid high-dose long-term supplementation with Vitamin C
• Take Vitamin B6 and magnesium supplements
• Avoid calcium containing pain-killers
• Avoid calcium, Vitamin D supplements and calcium containing antacids which can increase calcium oxalate levels
• Increase exercise but avoid strenuous exercise that can get you dehydrated
• Lose excess weight
• Never self-medicate

Investigations

Abdominal X-rays : – Small stones may not be detected by this method and plain abdominal radiography should be performed if the suspicion of stones is high.

Kidney ultrasound : – Ultrasound is more sensitive in detecting nephrocalcinosis and may detect radiolucent stones. Ultrasound cannot be used to find small stones

Urinalysis : will identify PH, and microscopy will identify cystine crystals, haematuria, pyuria and bacteria.

Intravenous pyelogram : – Various reactions have been attributed to intravenous contrast agents including nausea, vomiting, urticaria, bronchospasm and cardiac arrhythmias.

Abdominal CT scan and abdominal/kidney MRI : will also give a clear picture about the disease condition.

Complications

1) Infection
2) Kidney damage – affected kidney will become functionless with ydronephrosis

HOMEOPATHY MEDICINE:

BERBERIS VUL: Head Remedy for renal colic, specially when the pain is on the left side and extends from kidney to urethra, with urging to urinate With similar symptoms it also cures pain on the right side.

LYCOPODOUM : In chronic cases when the acute pain is over there is flatulence in abdomen, especially right side with red send in urine. It should be given 30 dilutions not more then twice daily morning and evening for about three months.

CANTHARIS : Uremia delusions with sense of persecution .suppression of urine with restlessness , flushed face, sparkling eyes, Urge to pass urine but nothing is voided, there being no urine in bladder. Pain and burning in urine while passing urinations. burning sensations constantly after passing urine. Patient had low grad fever and body ache. Urine is scanty and bloody.

SARSAPARILLA: Its specially for child kidney stone. While passing child crying urinations. For white sediments. Urine becomes turbid like clay water immediately after passing. Much pain at the end of urinating. Urine scanty, slimy, and flaky. Tenesmus of bladder.

TEREBINTHINA : Violent drawing pain in the region of kidneys. Violent burning and cutting in urine. Burning in urethra. Blood and albumin in urine. It is said to prevent and dissolve renal colic in which case it may be given in IM dilution.. Urine red, brown black or smoky in appearance.

BELLADONA : shooting pain in the renal region along the ureter through which the calculus makes its way.

Other homeopathy medicine is dioscorea, millifolium, causticum, chin.sulf, pareira B, Urtica Urens, Calcarea Carb. etc.

Homeopathy Dosage Directions

Select the remedy that most closely matches the symptoms. In conditions where self-treatment is appropriate, unless otherwise directed by a physician, a lower potency (6X, 6C, 12X, 12C, 30X, or 30C) should be used.